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Mange in Dogs, Cats and Other Pets

May 12th, 2010

Mange in Dogs Cats and Other Pets

Mange is a serious and sometimes untreatable condition that affects many pets. Mange can come in two distinct forms, Demodectic and Sarcoptic. The article below offers common causes and background information on both types of mange.


Mange is a rather common disease in household pets.


Dogs are primarily susceptible to two forms of mange, Demodectic mange (red mange) and Sarcoptic mange. Demodectic mange is generally seen in dogs less than two years of age. These mange mites are passed to puppies skin from their mothers. Demodectic mange mites live in the hair and oil (sebaceous) follicles of the skin. The first signs of this disease are patchy areas of hair loss about the head and forelegs, which do not itch and do not appear inflamed. These areas may spontaneously resolve or become larger until large areas of the pet’s skin is involved. It is considerably rarer in cats. A few of these parasites are present in the skin of many or all normal dogs. However dogs which develop disease have a defect in their immune system (T-cell defect) and can not keep the number of mites under control. The only product approved for use on Demodectic mange in the United States is amitraz (Mitaban). This concentrated liquid is diluted to a dip and the entire animal is immersed and scrubbed in the solution every two weeks until no living parasites can be seen under a microscope. A compound named benzyl benzoate cream was once used to treat small areas of infection. It is no longer believed to be effective. I will sometimes mix a 10% solution of Amitraz in propylene glycol and have the owner first cleanse and then massage this solution into isolated lesions. I have had good success in curing small areas of Demodectic mange in this way. The effectiveness of treatment is hard to evaluate because small lesions often go away on their own. Shar Pei dogs are notorious for their susceptibility to Demodectic mange. When amitraz (Mitaban) dips fail to halt the infection, I have had good success in placing these dogs on daily oral ivermectin. This product is sold as Ivomec 1% and the dose I use is 1ml (cc or approximately 15-20 drops) per110 lbs body weight. This comes out to 200 mcg/kg of body weight. Ivermectin may take up to a year to completely cure the dog. In severe cases, secondary bacterial skin infection is severe and subcutaneous lymph nodes enlarge with mites present in these nodes.

The second common form of mange in dogs, other pets (and wild animals) is Sarcoptic mange. This microscopic spider-like mite burrows through the layers of the skin causing an intense itch and streaks of reddened skin. After a month or so the skin becomes very crusty. It is spread from one mature dog to another by contact or by contact with objects the infected dog has touched. Humans in contact with these pets will often begin to itch too. This disease in man was once called the seven year itch. It is the disease that back-woods folk and farmers used to cure by rubbing the dog with burnt motor oil. Do not attempt this ! The most gentle way of curing this disease (but the most smelly way) in all species of animals is with lime sulfur dips. Oral or injectable ivermectin cures the disease very well too. However, Ivermectin can be toxic in cats. Besides dogs, I see this disease in cats, hedgehogs raccoons and squirrels.


A third form of mange, psoroptic mange, I see most often in rabbit ears and the area surrounding the ears. All ear-mite medicines cure this disease but the ears often need a soothing antibiotic corticosteroids cream for a week or two to heal.

A form of mange that I see in budgerigars (parakeets) and canaries is knemidocoptic mange. It affects their legs, the base of the beak and their vents. The skin in these areas is thickened and flaky. It responds very well to ivermectin or oily topical products containing rotenone (derris root & cube resin) such as Goodwinol. Goodwinol is difficult to obtain these days, but the active ingredient, rotenone, can be purchased as an organic rose and vegetable insecticide and mixed with margarine.

The reason most mange can be treated with any non-toxic oily product is that mange mites, being arachnids, breath through openings (sphericals) along their body. Any substance which plugs up these pores kills the mites. The exception are Demodectic mites which live so deeply within hair follicles that oily substances do not seem to affect them.


Additional Resources


Discuss Health Issues at DogGroups.com.

Find other health resources in the Dog Directory at DogGroups.com.


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Ron Hines DVM PhD has devoted his life to the care of sick, and orphaned exotic pets and wildlife. He enjoys pets & helping others care for their pets. Purchase low priced Pet Medication at his website http://www.2ndchance.info and also read some of the many articles written by him. Reprint permission granted with this footer included. Copyright © 2ndchance.info 2003.

What to name your puppy

March 21st, 2010

Buying a Puppy

After you get a puppy one of the first things to do is name it. How do you decide on what to name your puppy when there are so many great names out there? This article will assist you in choosing a name that you like and is fitting for your pup.

So many names and so little time. That is the way most dog owner’s feel when trying to decide on a name for their pup. Should I call him Max, Mack or Magic? If you know me then you know I prefer Max, as our Boxer boy is named Maximus. Below are some tips on naming your newest family member.

Choose a name you like and will use. This sounds simple but I see a problem with this all the time. Often an owner wants to think of a creative name for their dog, which is great. A problem arises when the name is hard to say and many different short variations of the name arise. Take the name Maximus for example. We do not use this name, instead we shorten it to Max. The key is to call the dog the same name each time you call it. This helps them learn their name. Many people will make a variety of “cute” names, for instance Max, Maxi, etc… and call the dog differently each time. This can confuse your pup and add a lot of time onto your puppy learning their name and coming when being called.

Name the pup something that ends with a long “e” sound. From personal experience dogs tend to learn and listen better to names that end with a long “e” sound because of the higher pitch the owners voice makes when calling. Some examples of these names would be Mookie, Zoie, Andy, Teddy, etc….

Find out the meaning of the name and name your puppy according to their personality. There are many great resources online for finding dog names that will also give the meaning of the name. Baby name books are another great place to find potential names for your pup. An example would be Max, which means “Large Spring” which is a very accurate description if someone has seen him when we have company.

With so many names available take your time and choose the perfect name for your new puppy. With the ideas listed above I am sure many are thinking of additional ideas for finding the perfect name. Remember that this is very important as it will define your puppy for the rest of their lives.


Additional Resources


Discuss Dog Names in the DogGroups.com community.

Find other an Dog Name resources in the DogGroups.com directory.

Find other great Dog Names in our names section of the site.

Find training tips in our Puppy Training section of the site.


This article is Copyright © DogGroups.com and may not be reproduced in any format without prior written consent of the owner. For additional dog articles visit DogGroups.com – All Dog Breeds Welcome. If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact webmaster@doggroups.com

How to avoid a bad puppy breeder

March 21st, 2010

Buying a Puppy

When deciding to add a dog to your family one of the most important things to consider is how to choose a reputable breeder. When considering a breeder always remember that for every reputable breeder, there is an untrustworthy one. To help detect the difference, this article lists several factors to AVOID when considering a breeder.

The breeder has several different breeds available and always has litters of puppies. This is most likely what is referred to as a puppy mill, in which dogs are bred simply for making a profit. The breeder does not have any intention on bettering the breed and health problems may soon follow.

The puppies are kept outside without proper shelter. Puppies should be provided with proper shelter, otherwise they are susceptible to health issues from weather conditions. Depending on the specific breed and breeder, the puppies may be kept inside of the house or in a kennel outside.

The breeder does not ask you questions. Remember this is an animal and not a used car. The breeder should be very knowledgeable and ask you many questions such as your experience with dogs, living conditions, plans for exercise, plans for spaying or neutering and more. This is a good sign the breeder cares about their pups and the well being of the breed. A breeder that simply to sells to someone that has enough money to purchase a dog is someone that should be avoided.

The breeder does not know about the breed when asked questions. A breeder that can answer simple questions about the breed should be avoided. The main purpose of breeding is to better the breed by eliminating health issues and unwanted characteristics. If a breeder does not know much about the breed, what are the chances they are bettering the breed? Below are some simple questions a breeder should be able to answer:

1. What country did the dog breed originate in?


2. How long have you owned and bred this breed of dogs?


3. What do you like most about the breed?


4. Do you have a spay/neuter policy? Almost all-reputable breeders will


The breeder does not give any clear indication on if the dog may be bred. Most reputable breeders are concerned about their reputation and will require any puppy purchased as a pet be spayed or neutered. If a breeder does not give any clear indication of their spay/neuter policy ask them about it. If they do not have one, find a different breeder.

Additional Resources


Discuss Choosing a Breeder in the DogGroups.com community.

Find Dog Breeders resources in the DogGroups.com directory.

Find training tips in our Puppy Training section of the site.


This article is Copyright © DogGroups.com and may not be reproduced in any format without prior written consent of the owner. For additional dog articles visit DogGroups.com – All Dog Breeds Welcome. If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact webmaster@doggroups.com

One Step Closer

March 21st, 2010

Buying a Puppy

Pet overpopulation is a major issue because many pets are not spayed/neutered and the irresponsible owners of these pets. Recently the Food and Drug Administration approved a new procedure that could be a major step in the right direction for overpopulation problems. This article will discuss both the positives and negative aspects of this new procedure.

Introduction


On May 19 a major announcement was made by the FDA in regards to the process of having a dog neutered . The announcement was the first injectable sterilization for dogs has been approved. The drug that is injected is called Neutersol and sterilizes the dog to prevent reproducing. This drug is manufactured by the Addison Biological Laboratory, Inc and is currently only approved for dogs. An announcement is expected for an approval of the injection for male cats in the future.

The Positive Effect


There will be many positive effects of this new procedure. One of the major benefits of this procedure will be for animal shelters. Although costs of the drug and administration of the injection have not been seen, one can easily imagine training staff to give the injection. This could free up time for the licensed veterinarian at the shelter to tend to other matters. This would never be possible as the process of neutering a dog is a surgical procedure that staff members could not perform.

Another benefit is to dog owners as many worry about the surgical procedure being done when it is time to neuter their dog. The process of neutering a dog is very safe but as with any surgery there are risks involved. The injection will be a viable alternative to those that prefer not to have surgery completed on their dog.

The major benefit will of course be the potential to more dogs being stopped from reproducing. Whether this comes about from decreased cost of neutering or another means, the end result the injection should be trying to obtain is an increased instance of neutered dogs.

Potential Issues


At first glance this new procedure looks to be a major step in the right direction of reducing the dog population. As with any new method there are may questions that still remain and potential issues that will arise discussed here.

One potential issue to using the injection is with the behavior benefits of having a male neutered. When having a male neutered through a surgical procedure it often eliminates many undesired male behaviors such as aggression and marking. When the injection is used these behaviors are not reduced because the testosterone production is not reduced.

Another potential issue is that with health. When a male is surgically neutered it reduces the dogs probability of having male related diseases such as prostate disease and testicular tumors. The injection does not reduce the male dogs chances to have these health issues and actually potentially opens a new problem. When initial testing of the injection was completed it is noted that if the injection is not done properly, it could cause ulcers upon the scrotum.

Final Thought


Although the injection is a step in the right direction it still lacks in several areas. Until the a solution to issues with unwanted male behavior and reducing male genetic diseases are addressed, this will not be a viable solution for most pet owners. One of the biggest benefits of this announcement is that it will encourage more research and eventually additional methods will be produced for helping solve the pet overpopulation issue that affects us all.

Additional Resources


Chat about this Injectable Sterilization article at DogGroups.com.

Additional Information of the use of Neutersol can be found at the Food and Drug Administration

This article is Copyright © DogGroups.com and may not be reproduced in any format without prior written consent of the owner. For more information, please visit DogGroups.com – All Dog Breeds Welcome If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact webmaster@doggroups.com

So you are ready for a puppy part II

March 21st, 2010

Buying a puppy

After researching breeds and breeders for quite some time it is finally the big day when a new owner goes to pickup the new puppy. There are many things to do and a lot of fun and work ahead for the new dog owner. Detailed is a personal day in the life experience of the first day with a new puppy. Section II covers the evening of the first day and an unexpected surprise.

At 6:00 PM the dogs awake and are taken out to use the bathroom. The puppy is doing very well about going outside and the family is very happy about this. It was planned for a lot of messes as the puppy had not been in a house and is not potty trained.

After a bathroom break it is time for the first walk through the neighborhood. Having a dog already lead broke proves to be beneficial for the family as the puppy follows its new big brother the entire walk time. In most cases the puppy would not be doing well on lead and this would be another challenge for the new owners. After some good exercise and introduction to the neighborhood the family visits some friends in the neighborhood and introduces them to the newest family member.

The family arrives back home around 8:00 PM and is starting to feel the exhaustion of the long day. To their surprise the new puppy is ready to go some more and is running and playing throughout the house. Instead of resting, the new owners start a crash course in the command “No” as the puppy thinks every item is the house is free game to be chewed. The existing family pet has long since laid down and decided to rest. While chasing the puppy the family discusses if they ever had to work this hard with the first dog when he was a puppy.

By 8:45 PM the puppy is exhausted and finally lies down. At this point the older dog is awake again and the family gives him some needed one on one attention and praise him for doing so well welcoming the new puppy into their household. Without the family noticing the puppy wakes and has an accident inside. The puppy is taken out the mess is cleaned up by the family. While the puppy is outside it finds a big mud puddle from the rain earlier in the day. With a puppy being a puppy needless to say it begins to splash and roll in the mud before the new owner can catch it.

Bath time starts at 9:00 PM to remove the mud from the young pup. The pup is not use to bathing and becomes very scarred and needs much comforting from the owner as the bath is going on. This is very important as the family do not want the puppy to view bathing as a bad experience.

At 9:30 PM the puppy is done bathing and taken back out to use the restroom and one last romp, this time watched carefully so it avoids the mud. The entire family comes back in at 10:00 PM and finally gets a well-deserved break from the hard day of work.

While the puppy sleeps inside of the house it begins to begin breath rapidly. This is of immediate concern for the family as they have had other pets and never seen such rapid breathing while a puppy sleeps. Being Internet savvy, the family begins searching online for causes of rapid breathing and finds one cause is lack of oxygen and several other issues. Concerned the family it is better to be safe than sorry and call the emergency animal hospital and the breeder. The breeder is called first and he is not in so a message is left. Next the animal hospital is contacted and after a brief discussion about the puppies behavior the owners decide to take her in to have her breathing examined. While preparing to leave, the breeder of the puppy returns the owners call from earlier. The behavior is described to the breeder and he immediately knows the cause. He explains to the owners that the pup is not use to indoor conditions as she has lived in a kennel and the temperature is kept much cooler during the winter than indoor conditions and the rapid breathing is being caused by her temperature raising so quickly being indoors. Satisfied with the response from the breeder, the family cancels the appointment at the animal hospital and decides it is definitely time to get everyone ready for bed.

The puppy is introduced to its crate and it does not seem to like the idea of sleeping in the crate. The family wishes they had introduced the crate earlier in the day at this point. The puppy and its big brother are both placed in their crates and told good night. The family lays down at what is now 12:00 AM and is exhausted. Within five minutes of lying down the puppy decides it does not like the new crate and begins to whine and bark to get the owners attention. Although difficult not to rush to the puppy, the owners know that if they try to talk to her that she will know that if she whines then she will get attention. This is not a behavior the owners want to enforce and decide to out wait the puppy. After an hour the puppy decides to finally lie down at 1:00 AM and the family can finally get some rest from the big day.

At 5:00 AM the family is awoken by puppy barks and a messy cage and the family prepares for another event filled day!


This article is dedicated to our newest baby girl, Madison. She has brought us so much joy and we look forward to years of great times ahead. Love You Baby Girl.


Additional Resources


Part I of So You Are Ready for a Puppy


Chat about Puppies and Choosing the Right Breed at DogGroups.com.

Find training tips in our Puppy Training section of the site.


This article is Copyright © DogGroups.com and may not be reproduced in any format without prior written consent of the owner. For additional dog articles visit DogGroups.com – All dog breeds welcome. If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact webmaster@doggroups.com

So you are ready for a puppy part I

March 21st, 2010

Buying a Puppy

After researching breeds and breeders for quite some time it is finally the big day when a new owner goes to pickup the new puppy. There are many things to do and a lot of fun and work ahead for the new dog owner. Detailed is a personal day in the life experience of the first day with a new puppy. Section one discusses the morning and afternoon.

Careful planning is key to a successful first day. Detailed is a day in the life assuming many things have been planned ahead, such as researching the breed, finding the right breeder and choosing the right breed for your lifestyle. In addition to this background work, you will want to make sure to plan ahead for the following:

Get a leash and collar. If proper breed research is done a good idea of the size of a puppy can be determined and a leash and collar should be bought ahead of time.

Pet Supplies: Of course your new dog is going to need a lot of other supplies. These should be planed out ahead of time so the first day together can be spent bonding and letting the puppy become settled to its new home. Below is a checklist of items you will need:


Food and water dish


Crate if crate training will be implemented


Toys


Treats


Puppy food


Puppy shampoo


Nail clippers, brushes and any other grooming items


Setup an appointment with the vet to have the puppy thoroughly checked out


Now that all the planning is taken care of it is time for the big day. In this study the breeder lives 2 hours away and the family has an existing dog.

The morning starts early at 6:00 AM on a Saturday as the family will meet with the breeder to bring home their new family member at 10:30 AM. The family has decided to leave their current dog at home during the trip and knows that some morning exercise will be needed as he will be crated most of the morning. After a brisk jog and a quick game of catch the family finish getting themselves ready for the drive and place the anxious, new big brother awaiting his new sister up for the morning.

The family leaves at 8:30 AM and on the drive discuss what the puppies will be like and all of the things that will need done when they arrive back home. The drive goes slow as they are anxious to see their new family member. They want a female for a playmate for the existing male dog and discuss the great times they will all have as the drive goes on.

At 10:30 AM the family arrives at the breeders house to a warm welcome of 5 puppies! The family is overwhelmed with excitement and immediately introduce themselves to the breeder. After a discussion the breeder removes the male pups and the family has some alone time with each female. During this time the parents are introduced to the family. Both parents are friendly and healthy and what the family had anticipated.

Each female pup has a distinct personality, and each is watched as it interacts with the other pups. After watching them interact with the other pups and the family for about 45 minutes one stands out and seems to be everything the family had been hoping for. Alas a decision is made and the family has its newest member.

It is now 11:30 and it is time to fill out paperwork and discuss health and upkeep with the breeder. The breeder discusses what the pup will need in regards to additional shots. The pedigree of both parents is shown as documentation of the families’ history and any hip, eye or elbow certification papers are presented. At this time the family receives registration papers, sales receipt, health guarantee and spay/neuter contract. Finally the paperwork is finished and the family leaves with their newest addition.

The ride home goes smoothly and the new pup sleeps the majority of the way. A stop is made to eat lunch and let the pup use the restroom as a picnic is planned for the special occasion at a park along the way. The picnic goes fantastic and the pup is pure entertainment doing the cute things that makes a puppy so wonderful. After lunch is finished it is back to the car to finish the drive.

The family arrives back at their house at 2:30 PM and an introduction is needed between the new pup and the families’ dog. A neutral ground close by is chosen to help any aggression or territorial problems that might occur between the two dogs. The family members split up as one takes the existing dog for a walk and the others introduce the puppy to its new home. The family has agreed to meet at the neutral ground at 3:30 PM.

At 3:30 both dogs see each other for the first time. The family is relieved to see the existing dog shows no aggression towards the new puppy and the introduction goes without a hitch. The two new companions are allowed to play and greet each other for a short time then it is back to the house.

At 4:15 PM everyone is back to the house and there seems to not be any tension with the two dogs. The existing dog lets the puppy come and go as it pleases and some additional playing is done. The only potential issue seems to be with the food dishes as the new puppy has not learned which dish to eat out of and the existing dog does not seem to like the idea of sharing with this new puppy. At this point both are given dinner and the new pup does an excellent job of staying focused and eating only out of its dish.

It is now 5:00 PM and nap time for the two new playmates and the family. After a long day so far, everyone takes some quiet time and gets rested up for what will most likely be a very eventful evening.

Additional Resources


Part II of So You Are Ready for a Puppy


Chat about Puppies and Choosing the Right Breed at DogGroups.com.

Find training tips in our Puppy Training section of the site.

Find Puppy Names and advice.

This article is Copyright © DogGroups.com and may not be reproduced in any format without prior written consent of the owner. For additional dog articles visit DogGroups.com – All dog breeds welcome. If you would like to reproduce this article, please contact webmaster@doggroups.com

Scottish Terrier

March 20th, 2010

Scottish Terrier

   

Great Pyrenees

March 20th, 2010

Great Pyrenees

   

Poodles

March 20th, 2010

Poodle

   

Airedale Terrier

March 20th, 2010

Airedale Terrier